Abstract: This article studies the stability in probability of probabilistic Boolean networks and stabilization in the probability of probabilistic Boolean control networks. To simulate more realistic ...

In mid-May, OpenAI announced that an internal AI model had disproved the Erdős unit distance conjecture, a famous problem in discrete geometry that had stumped human mathematicians for the last 80 ...

Abstract: This article deals with a risk probability minimization problem for finite horizon continuous-time Markov decision processes with unbounded transition rates and history-dependent policies.

Native Americans have been playing with dice in games of chance for more than 12,000 years, according to a new paper published in the journal American Antiquity. And the oldest examples of Native ...

Probability underpins AI, cryptography and statistics. However, as the philosopher Bertrand Russell said, “Probability is the most important concept in modern science, especially as nobody has the ...

Marty Makary was appointed commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2025. The prominent surgeon, medical researcher, bestselling author, and critic of the medical ...

Daniel McNulty began writing for Investopedia in 2012. His work includes articles on financial analysis, asset allocation, and trading strategies. Marguerita is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP), ...

Sometimes in a comparison of the frequency of observations in a fourfold table the numbers are too small for the χ² test (Chapter 8). The exact probability test devised by Fisher, Irwin, and Yates (1) ...

This article was originally published at The Conversation. The publication contributed the article to Space.com's Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights I was preparing for my early morning class back in ...

The arrival of AI systems called large language models (LLMs), like OpenAI’s ChatGPT chatbot, has been heralded as the start of a new technological era. And they may indeed have significant impacts on ...

The mathematician Daniel Litt has driven social media users to distraction with a series of simple-seeming but counterintuitive probability puzzles. In late January, Daniel Litt posed an innocent ...