During the liquid-to-solid transition of alloys with very small concentrations of a minor component, surface patterns emerge that feature enrichment of the minor component. These periodic surface ...
(a) Unit optimization process with a hybrid continuous-discrete PSO algorithm. The particulars of the yellow and green boxes in the optimization are elaborated in (b) and (c), respectively. (b) The ...
(Nanowerk Spotlight) Advanced electronics manufacturing demands precise control over multiple layers of functional materials. Each layer - whether conducting electricity, emitting light, or processing ...