No matter how many bits an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) provides, the digital output can only approximate the original signal. This approximation gives rise to ...
It can be shown that for a PAM-4 link with Gaussian noise achieving 1E-12 BER, the SNR has to be 24.5 dB, but what does this mean? What’s the top consideration that network and data center SoC/systems ...